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(詳細はnationalism, political populism, and Shia Islamic "religious radicalism".〔Abrahamian, Ervand, ''A History of Modern Iran'', 2008, p.143〕 Perhaps the most important of the diverse ideological interpretation of Islam within the grand alliance that led to the 1979 revolution were traditional clerical quietism, Khomeinism, Ali Shariati’s Islamic-left ideology, and Mehdi Bazargan’s liberal-democratic Islam. Less powerful were the socialist guerrilla groups of Islamic and secular variants, and the secular constitutionalism in socialist and nationalist forms.〔(Iran Analysis Quarterly Volume 1 No )〕 The slogan chanted by demonstrators—"Independence, Freedom, and Islamic Republic" (Estiqlal, Azadi, Jomhuri-ye Eslami!)〔(Islamism and education in modern Iran, with special reference to gendered social interactions and relationships ), H Godazgar:498.〕 — has been called the "pivotal yet broad demand" of the revolutionaries.〔(Iran: a green wave for life and liberty, Asef Bayat, 7 - 07 - 2009 ) accessed 14-July-2009〕 Revolutionaries railed against corruption, extravagance and autocratic nature of Pahlavi rule;〔Abrahamian ''Iran'', (1982) p.478-9〕 policies that helped the rich at the expense of the poor; and the economic and cultural domination/exploitation of Iran by non-Muslim foreigners—particularly Americans.〔Graham, ''Iran'' (1980), p.233-4〕 Contributors to the ideology included Jalal Al-e-Ahmad, who formulated the idea of ''Gharbzadegi''—that Western culture must be rejected and fought as was a plague or an intoxication that alienated Muslims from their roots and identity.〔Mackay, ''Iranians'' (1996) pp. 215, 264–5.〕 Ali Shariati influenced many young Iranians with his interpretation of Islam as the one true way of awakening the oppressed and liberating the Third World from colonialism and neo-colonialism.〔Keddie, ''Modern Iran'', (2003) p.201-7〕 ==Khomeini== The author who ultimately formulated the ideology of the revolution though, was the man who dominated the revolution itself—the Ayatollah Khomeini. He preached that revolt, and especially martyrdom, against injustice and tyranny was part of Shia Islam,〔(The Last Great Revolution Turmoil and Transformation in Iran ), by Robin WRIGHT.〕 that clerics should mobilize and lead their flocks into action, not just to advise them. He introduced Qur'anic terms—''mustazafin'' ('weak')〔from Q4:75〕 and ''mustakbirin'' ('proud and mighty')〔Q16:22-23〕—for the Marxist terminology of the oppressors-oppressed distinction.〔Dabashi, ''Theology of Discontent'' (1993)〕 He rejected the influence of both Soviet and American superpowers in Iran with the slogan "not Eastern, nor Western - Islamic Republican" (). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ideology of the Iranian Revolution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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